Understanding and Supporting those Struggling with Suicidal Thoughts, Ideation, and Self-Harm.
World Suicide Prevention Day serves as a poignant reminder of the critical need to raise awareness about suicide, suicidal ideation, and self-harm. These complex issues affect millions of lives globally, and dispelling myths surrounding them is crucial in helping those who suffer silently. By fostering understanding, reducing stigma, and offering compassionate support, we can create safer spaces for individuals to share their struggles and seek help.
One of the most significant barriers to effective suicide prevention is misinformation. It's essential to address common myths with facts. For instance, contrary to popular belief, talking about suicide does not increase the risk or put the idea into someone's head. In fact, open conversations can reduce feelings of isolation and shame, encouraging individuals to seek help (Dazzi et al., 2014). Creating a non-judgmental space to discuss difficult emotions can provide relief and allow people to express feelings they might otherwise keep hidden.
Another prevalent myth is that only mentally ill people consider suicide. While mental health conditions can increase risk, many individuals experiencing suicidal thoughts do not have a diagnosed mental illness. Factors such as financial stress, trauma, loss, or chronic illness can also contribute to suicidal ideation (Klonsky et al., 2016). It's crucial to approach these conversations with empathy and without assuming mental illness is always the underlying cause.
It's also important to understand that suicidal thoughts are often temporary and can fluctuate with circumstances. With proper support, many people can move through these feelings and lead meaningful lives. Early intervention and supportive counselling can help individuals make sense of their emotions and find hope beyond their darkest moments (Jobes, 2016).
Self-harm, such as cutting or burning, is often misunderstood as always indicating suicidal intent. However, many individuals engage in self-harm as a way to cope with overwhelming emotions, not necessarily as a desire to end their lives. While self-harm can increase suicide risk, it's often a method of managing pain or expressing feelings that cannot be verbalised (Klonsky, 2007).
Personal experiences can provide valuable insights into the complexities of suicidal thoughts and self-harm. As a carer for my father who suffered from vascular dementia, I witnessed firsthand the devastating impact of suicidal ideation. His fear and confusion, especially after seeing his elder sister's decline from the same condition, led him to express thoughts about ending his life. This experience mirrored what I've observed in some clients: the overwhelming sense of circumstances beyond their control, fear of the future, and longing for release.
These encounters underscore the critical importance of having someone to talk to without judgment. The reasons for suicidal thoughts or self-harm are unique to each individual, but the universal need for a safe space to share these thoughts and emotions is key to healing. Therapy offers this sanctuary—a place where people can talk openly, process their feelings, and make sense of their internal turmoil.
The prevalence of suicide and self-harm in the UK is alarming. According to Samaritans, there were 5,219 suicides registered in 2021, with males accounting for about 75% of these deaths (Samaritans, 2022). Suicide remains the leading cause of death for men under 50 and young people aged 15-24. These statistics highlight the urgent need for awareness and early intervention.
For those looking to support someone in crisis, several key steps can make a difference. Listening without judgment, asking directly about suicide, encouraging professional help, being patient and compassionate, and helping create a safety plan are all crucial ways to provide support (WHO, 2021).
In West and North Yorkshire, several organisations offer support for those struggling with self-harm and suicidal ideation:
• Mind in Bradford provides mental health support services in Bradford and Craven.
• Leeds Suicide Bereavement Service offers support to those affected by suicide in Leeds.
• Airedale NHS Foundation Trust provides mental health services in Keighley and surrounding areas.
• Craven Mental Health and Wellbeing Hub offers support in Skipton and the Craven district.
The concept of the "wounded healer," popularised by Carl Jung, is significant in understanding why some psychotherapists are drawn to their profession. Many influential figures in psychotherapy, like Sabina Spielrein, have navigated their own psychological challenges while helping others (Launer, 2015). Their experiences have shaped the field, enabling a deeper understanding of the human psyche and the importance of empathy in therapy.
If you or someone you know is struggling with suicidal thoughts or self-harm, remember that help is available. Resources like Samaritans (116 123), Mind (0300 123 3393), Papyrus (0800 068 4141), CALM (0800 58 58 58), and Shout (Text "SHOUT" to 85258) offer support and guidance.
By educating ourselves, reducing stigma, and offering compassionate support, we can make a profound difference in the lives of those who are struggling. Through professional support, counselling, or simply opening up a conversation with someone who cares, there is always hope for healing and recovery.
References:
Dazzi, T., Gribble, R., Wessely, S., & Fear, N. T. (2014). Does asking about suicide and related behaviours induce suicidal ideation? What is the evidence? Psychological Medicine, 44(16), 3361-3363.
Jobes, D. A. (2016). Managing suicidal risk: A collaborative approach. Guilford Publications.
Klonsky, E. D. (2007). The functions of deliberate self-injury: A review of the evidence. Clinical Psychology Review, 27(2), 226-239.
Klonsky, E. D., May, A. M., & Saffer, B. Y. (2016). Suicide, suicide attempts, and suicidal ideation. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 12, 307-330.
Launer, J. (2015). Sex versus survival: The life and ideas of Sabina Spielrein. Journal of Medical Biography, 23(1), 57-58.
Samaritans. (2022). Suicide statistics report: Latest statistics for the UK and Republic of Ireland. Retrieved from https://www.samaritans.org/about-samaritans/research-policy/suicide-facts-and-figures/
World Health Organisation. (2021). Suicide prevention. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/health-topics/suicide
